Module 12 Knowledge Check
5 questions. Pass mark 4 out of 5. Answer every question before checking the answer key below, then retry after reading the feedback.
1. The two report sections most often dropped are…
- A. question and data
- B. uncertainty and limitations
- C. method and result
- D. result and next step
2. Numbers in the report prose should come from…
- A. careful typing
- B. inline expressions evaluated at render
- C. a screenshot
- D. the results table, copied
3. A chart accompanying a significant difference should ideally show…
- A. the two means with error bars
- B. the distributions, including their overlap
- C. the p-value
- D. the raw data table
4. An interval containing both zero and your pre-set practical threshold means…
- A. no effect
- B. a worthwhile effect
- C. the study was inconclusive
- D. the threshold was wrong
5. The conclusive test of reproducibility is…
- A. passing the checklist
- B. deleting the outputs, restarting R, re-running and comparing
- C. recording the R version
- D. having no absolute paths
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Answer Key and Explanations
Check these only after attempting every question.
1. B — uncertainty and limitations
They are what distinguishes an analysis from an argument.
2. B — inline expressions evaluated at render
Re-render after a data revision and every sentence, table and chart updates together.
3. B — the distributions, including their overlap
The group SDs were around 9.5 against a difference of 3.65 — real, reliable and small relative to individual variation.
4. C — the study was inconclusive
The data cannot distinguish 'no effect' from 'an effect worth launching'. That is a request for more data.
5. B — deleting the outputs, restarting R, re-running and comparing
Without restarting, objects still in memory make scripts appear to work when they depend on a step that no longer exists.
Practical Check
Apply this module to your own work: complete the module activity for *Capstone: Statistical Report*, then write one sentence naming what your result shows and one naming what it does not.
Strong Answer Pattern
A strong answer names the task, the evidence used, the check performed, and the remaining limitation. It avoids "proved", "guaranteed", or "always" unless the evidence genuinely supports it.